South West Donegal National Schools 1837-1870

This information was compiled by Tom Plunkett and forms part of the Donegal Genealogy Resources Website

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The Commissioners for National Education (National Education Board) were established in 1831 under the direction of then Chief Secretary, Edward Smith-Stanley. Many hedge schools were already in existence in Ireland, as well as schools funded by various societies. Communities from 1831 built schools or converted existing buildings before applying to the Board for funding. Most were successful in their formal applications, many of which have survived in the National Archive in Bishop’s Street, Dublin. Around 2,500 schools were built throughout the nine northern counties from 1832 to 1870. Ardara Male applied to connect in 1834 but it wasn’t until 1837 that Keonaghan became the first National Board School listed in the Salary Books from the southwest Donegal area. It seems that the schools had to be locally established before the Board would countenance connecting them. The local superintendent who ruled on the applications in the early years was Mr. William Savage.The Board’s grants covered salaries, the erection of new schools, provision of free stock, musical equipment, maps, clocks, desks and other essentials. The focus was on reading, writing and arithmetic, with Gaelic culture excluded. The buildings were mostly one-roomed affairs, with benches, a single fireplace and a thatched roof. Furthermore, inspectors could now be appointed and model schools were set up for the training of primary teachers. By March 31, 1844 over 18,000 pupils were on the rolls of Donegal schools.

The following research covers the period from Keonaghan’s connection with the Board of National Education in 1837 up to 1876. The names of schools with contact addresses in Ardara, Glenties, Kilcar, Carrick, Bruckless, Doochary and Lettermacaward are recorded. Other schools are listed which were in the local area, but which had the manager living in a distant town. A school like Belcruit is listed purely because the manager’s address was in Ardara for the first years of its existence.

The main focus is on the Ardara parish. The late Padraig S. Mac a Ghoill, a great local historian, recorded in 1984’s ‘Dearcadh’ edition (available in the County Library in Letterkenny) that in 1857, the parish had school houses in Scadaman, Leconell, Largnaseragh, Kilclooney, Mullavea, Narin, Gortnacart, Garrawort, Ardara (Main St.), Meentinadea, Maas (Methodist), Tullymore, Crannogbois, Drumirran (Wesleyan) and Kilclooney. His list included schools not connected with the Board. He adds that from 1869, a building programme had replaced all the Ardara schools with slated buildings, usually featuring a porch and name stone. He further lists all the inspectors who visited Brackey (his own school from 1951-69), the staff from the late 1800s and the managers from 1867.

Much has been gleaned from the Salary Books held in the National Archive. These give the roll numbers of the various schools, the teachers’ names, salaries and requisites granted. Readers should note that inconsistencies in spelling are rife throughout. The young monitors appointed to help the teacher are also named. Categories included junior monitors and first and second class monitors and they could remain in a school for a maximum of five years. Teachers could also supplement their salaries by training young men and women. The first year in which a school is recorded in the Salary Books is given below as the date of connection. The national records between 1841 and 1843 are missing, and there are gaps in the Donegal record from 1847 and 1848.

Ardara 8727

Came into connection with Board of Education in 1861; Contact address: Ardara.

Teachers:

Thomas B. Gibson (left for Cork) 1861-1862; James McCartney 1862; Thomas Wilson 1863; Eliza Chism 1863-1865;; Isabella Dobbyn (assistant) 1869-1870; Eliza Crummer (McFarland) 1871-1872; Sarah Davis 1872-1873; Ellen Young 1865-

Monitors:

Anne J. Young 1864-1867

Managers:

Rev. J. Hazelton 1861; Rev. J.C. Storey 1862; Rev. A. Fullarton 1863-1864; Rev. Francis Douglas 1865-1866; Rev. James B. Atkins 1867-1870; Rev. Robert Knowles & Rev. Geo. Donaldson 1870-1872; Rev. James Nixon 1873-1874; Rev. A. English 1875-

Ardara Female 2130

Connection 1840; Contact address: Ardara. It was closed in 1855 while a new house was being fitted up by Rev. Tredennick.[1]

Teachers:

Anne Pearson[2] 1844-50; Elizabeth Haslam 1851-61; Eliza Chism 1861; Catherine Young 1861; Mary Holmes (assistant, left for Loughros Point Female) 1862-66; Eliza Buchanan (came from Loughros Point Female) 1863-66; Anne Gildea 1863; Margaret Davis (assistant) 1866-67; Jane Cunningham (assistant) 1868-1870; Mary J. McAfee (Cunningham from 1871) 1866-

Monitors:

Mary Holmes 1857-62; Jane Cunningham 1871-1873;

Managers:

Richard Nesbitt 1844-46; Mrs. Wilhelmina Nesbitt 1849-53; Rev. Knox Barrett 1854-64; Rev. Marshal R. Clarke 1865-1873; Rev. D. McKinney 1873-1874; Rev. Joseph Crawford 1875-

Ardara Male 1733

First recorded in Salary Book of 1838, though no teachers paid; Contact address: Ardara. Application to Board in 1834.[3] The application was made on May 27th and according to the Dearcadh magazine in 1984, it was a development of the Tredennick Estate School. The Tredennicks were the local landlords based at Woodhill. The application further stated that there were 23 teachers available in the area, 12 Protestant and 11 Catholic. The school was known as Ardara No.1 and like most schools, it educated both Catholics and Protestants. The first Catholic school in the town of Ardara was built in 1879. James McAfee was an Oxford graduate and died in 1899. The magazine records that he was fond of the drink and didn’t open on Mondays, but made up for it with his teaching ability during the remainder of the week! His daughter Mary Ann married George Cunningham (listed in this record as teaching in Tullymore) and he later replaced his father-in-law as teacher. The school was later known as the Wood School and the current building was erected on a site near Hillhead in recent years. It was vested in the Robertson Board in 1915 under the joint management of the Church of Ireland and Methodist clergymen. The original building is now a private residence.

John McHugh 1857-61; James Mulherrin 1862-65; William McAfee 1865; John McAfee 1866-1870; John Diver 1870-1873; Patrick Mulreany 1874-

Maj. J.E. Nesbitt 1839-40; Richard Nesbitt 1844-c.1846; Mrs. Wilhelmina Nesbitt c.1849-51; Rev. Knox Barrett 1852-64; Rev. Marshal R. Clarke 1865-1872; Rev. D. McKinney 1873-1874; Rev. Joseph Crawford 1875-

Charles Molloy from unknown date to 1854; Francis Doherty 1854-1855; James Sweeney 1856; John O’Donnell 1856; William McCaffery 1857-61 & 1862-67; John Mulloy 1861; William Gallagher 1868-1872; James McGeehan 1872-

James Hamilton 1849-; M.J. O’Donnell (joint manager with James Hamilton) 1856-

Beagh started off as a hedge school built around 1784 by the local people. On 31/12/1856, its master, Patrick McGlinn was removed from his post after a conviction for being a member of the Ribbonmen, an illegal agrarian society.[4]

Charles McCoale 1845; James Fury 1846; Andrew Furey (left for Glenties) 1846-52; Patrick McGlinn (came from Letterbrick N.S.) 1853-57; Bernard McNelis 1857; John Brogan (from Drumboghill, left for Brackey) 1857-60; Daniel Sweeney (from Brackey) 1860-

Rev. Daniel O’Donnell 1845; Rev. Edward Glackin 1846-47; Rev. J.D. McGarvey 1847-66; Rev. Charles O’Donnell 1867-

Connection 1845. It is included herein as its early contact address was Ardara. This changed to Dungloe in 1849. The school was struck off in 1852 and the other Belcruit school took on the remaining pupils.

Connection 1861. Contact address: Lettermacaward. Not in District 5 from 1870 so following record is until 1870.

Charles Sheeran 1844-46 to unknown date; John Campbell c.1849-1855; Hugh McGarvey 1855-58; George Boyle (came from Shallogans, later emigrated) 1858-60; Daniel Sweeney 1860; John Brogan 1860-61 (came from Beagh; left for Leckonell); Joseph Bradden (came from Leckonell) 1861-

Rev. Daniel O’Donnell 1844-45; Rev. Edward Glackin 1846-47; Rev. J.D. McGarvey 1847-66; Rev. Charles O’Donnell 1867-

Connection 1846. Contact address: Ardara. Mary Hamilton died on April 1, 1852. School garden noted in Salary Book 1875-76.

Mary Hamilton 1846-1852; Susanna Hamilton 1852; Susanna Morrow 1852; Catherine Scott (married name Lyons from 1854) 1852-61; Connell Warde (from school 6104 in Tyrone) 1861-67; James McCahill (subbed for James O’Roddy during 1871-72) James O’Roddy 1867-; Margaret O’Roddy (work-mistress) 1868-

Monitors:
Sarah Ward 1864-67; John McCoy 1865-69 (briefly listed as teacher, no pay recorded); Bernard Gallagher 1867-70; Bridget Meehan 1869-72; John Murray 1870-73; Mary O’Donnell 1873-75 & F.C.A. 1876-; Daniel Boyd 1873-76 & F.C.M. 1876-;

Richard Nesbitt 1846 to unknown date; Mrs. Wilhelmina Nesbitt c.1849-52; William Tredennick 1852-

The school was sponsored by the London Ladies’ Hibernian Society and Thomas Conolly owned the school-house. The first named teacher was Jane Moore in the 1830’s. The Society donated £8 to the school, with more money added if the pupils did well in exams. Only girls attended at first. The school was managed by the Church of Ireland initially and later was under the joint manager-ship of the local Catholic and Protestant clergymen. Isabella McHugh was 24 years old when the school was connected and had been taught the rudiments of teaching at Cloghan Female. Saturday was set aside for religious instruction.

Isabella McHugh 1845-51; Anne McHugh 1851; Ellen McHugh 1851-57 (left for Donegal Workhouse school); Bridget McHugh 1857-66; Mary McHugh 1859-60 & 1866-

Rev. Knox Barrett & Rev. E. Glackin 1845-47; Rev. Knox Barrett & Rev. J.D. McGarvey 1847-64; Rev. M.R. Clarke & Rev. J.D. McGarvey 1865-66; Rev. M.R. Clarke & Rev. Ch. O’Donnell 1867-1872; Rev. McKinney & Rev. Ch. O’Donnell 1873-74; Rev. Joseph Crawford & Rev. Ch. O’Donnell 1875-

Connection 1840. Contact address: Ardara. A new building was erected in 1852 and its remains are immediately opposite the current schoolhouse built in 1944.[6] The school is called Crannogbois today.

John Campbell 1840-46 to unknown date; Thomas Williamson c. 1849-52; Thomas McGinley 1852-53 (came from Meenavally); Patrick Walker 1853-54; Edward Kennedy 1854-57 (came from Glencoagh); Patrick Walker 1856-66 (temporary initially); James Walker 1865; James O’Roddy 1866-67; Patrick Manelis (came from Drumboghill) 1867-

Rev. Daniel O’Donnell 1840-46; Rev. Edward Glackin 1846-47; Rev. J.D. McGarvey 1847-66; Rev. Charles O’Donnell 1867-

Andrew Fury 1844-46 (left for Beigha); John Geary 1846; John Connaghan 1848-52; William O’Gara 1852-60; Maurice Byrne 1861 (returned to Keonaghan that same year); John McAuley 1861; John Cunningham 1861-65; Patrick Cassidy 1865-1869; John McMonigle 1870-71 (emigrated to America); James Harvey 1872-

Rev. Daniel O’Donnell 1844-45; Rev. Edward Glackin 1846-47; Rev. H. O’Donnell c.1849-66; Rev. P. Logue 1867-

John Tighe 1873; James Friel 1873-75; John O’Gallagher 1875-76; James McLoone 1876-

Connection 1860. Contact address: Dungloe. Not in District 5 from 1870 so following record is until 1870.

Monitors:
Hannah Gallagher (Junior Monitor at first, Senior Monitor from 1867) 1862-

Connection 1849. Contact address: Glenties and Dunkineely from 1867. Thomas Strong died in 1857 following ill-health. His salary had been withdrawn in 1852 but it was recorded that he ‘Might be permitted to resume charge of his school’. Drimduth 5995 was inoperative from 1865 and a new roll number was given to Drimduth, although no teachers were employed by the Board by 1870. The grant to build was withdrawn in 1874, but a new school name, ‘Drumduth’ appeared in 1875.

Thomas Strong 1849-52 and 1855-57; John Nesbitt 1853-54; Anne O’Kane 1854; Andrew Walker 1858-60; William Walker 1860-65; No teacher 1865-1875; Samuel Deane 1875-

Rev. Knox Barrett 1849-62 and 1864; Rev. John Beatty 1863 and 1867-74; Rev. M.T. Moriarty 1875-

Connection c.1871. Contact address: Glenties. Recorded as a Robertson School in Salary Book. Formerly Kilrain.

A hedge school was listed in ‘Mullaveay’ in 1835 with Michael Gallagher the Master. The land was owned by the Marquis of Conyngham. Less money was spent by the Board on Drumboghill N.S. than nearly any other school in the county in 1874. Little remains of Drumboghill school today.

James Munday 1844-46 to unknown date; Patrick McLoughlin c.1849-52; Francis Moloney 1852; John Brogan 1852-57 (was at Lergonsearagh until 1848); Bernard McNelis 1857-58; Thomas Manelis 1858-63 (came from Cashel, Carrick); Patrick Manelis 1863-67 (left for Cronaghbois); Mary Manelis 1867-

Rev. Daniel O’Donnell 1844-45; Rev. Edward Glackin 1846-47; Rev. J.D. McGarvey 1847-66; Rev. Charles O’Donnell 1867-

Connection 1863. Contact address: Lettermacaward. Not in District 5 from 1871 so following data accurate until 1870.

John Lee 1872-73; Eleanor Stephenson 1873-76; Susan Horne 1876; Emma Taylor 1876; Lizzie A. Clarke 1876-

John McCaffery (left for school in Tyrone) 1861-66; Daniel Gallagher (from Mullamore) 1866-69; John McDevitt 1869-71; James McDyer 1871-73; Robert Hegarty 1873-74; Neil Kennedy 1874-76; Dominic O’Donnell 1876-

Monitors:
Sarah O’Donnell 1865-68; Anne McGuire (passed teaching exam in 1873) 1869-73;

Rev. Knox Barrett 1858-64; Rev. M.R. Clarke 1865-72; Rev. D. McKinney 1873-74; Rev. Joseph Crawford 1875-

Patrick Brisland, unknown date to 1844 and there until 1850; Mick P. Bolger (from Kilkenny school No. 1916) 1850-52; Mary Buchanan 1867-72; Andrew Furey (from Beagh) 1853-

Monitors:
Andrew Duncan 1856; Philip Hanlon 1856-57; Richard Wilson 1858-60; Mary Furey 1860-64 & First Monitor from 1865-66; William Hamilton 1861-63 & First Monitor 1864-67; Anne Furey 1867-72; John Tighe 1867-71; Susan Furey (first class monitor) 1873-76; Grace Furey 1876

Connection 1840. Contact address: Glenties; No other records. Gone from Salary Books in 1844; New school by that name and new roll number operative from 1870.

Eliza O’Neill 1870-73; Catherine Bresland 1871-74; Anne Early c.1871- ; Kate O’Reilly 1873-

Connection 1846. Contact address: Glenties. School struck off in 1855 and revived under new roll number in 1857. Teachers not named in Salary Books until 1855.

Catherine Raughton, first recorded as working there in 1855; James Morrow 1855; Isabella McHugh 1860-61; Bridget Hanlon 1862-?; Anne Furey 1873-

Isabella Baskin (Surname Watters from c.1867; died day after resigning in 1869) 1849-69; Eliza Crummer 1869-70; John McAfee 1871; Mary A. Boyd 1872-73; Margaret Baskin née Herrin 1873; Catherine McCoale (later Mrs. Hererin) 1874-

Rev. Knox Barrett 1849-64; Rev. M.R. Clarke 1865-72; Rev. McKinney 1873-74; Rev. Joseph Crawford 1875-76;

Connection 1849 and struck off in 1856. Contact address: Glenties; Teacher resigned in 1852 and re-appointed in same year.

Connection 1837. Contact address: Ardara 1837 to c.1846; Kilcar thereafter from c.1849. A £5 grant was awarded to J. Fisher for ‘Navigation’ in 1865.

Dominick McHugh 1837-58; Bernard McGinley 1859-60; Hugh O’Donnell 1860-68; Bridget Byrne (née Cassidy, died 1875) 1865-75; Christopher Byrne (emigrated after resigning) 1868-71; Catherine McShane 1876- ; Pat Murray 1871-75; Pat Gallagher 1876- ; James Gallagher 1858-

Monitors:
Maurice Byrne (from Muckress N.S.) 1858-61; William Doherty (from Muckress N.S.) 1858-62; Hugh McShane 1861-63; Denis Murray 1862-65; Francis Doherty 1863-66; Michael Byrne 1863-66; Madge Gillespie 1865-70; Christopher Byrne 1868-; Catherine McShea (listed as McShane later) 1870-74, J.C.M. from 1874-76; Pat Murray 1871; Pat Gallagher 1871-75; Francis Gallagher 1876- ; Sarah McIntyre 1876-

Maj. J.E. Nesbitt 1837-c.1840; Richard Nesbitt c.1844 to c.1846; Mrs. Wma. Nesbitt, unknown date to 1849; Rev. H. O’Donnell 1850-66; Rev. P. Logue 1867-

Connection 1840. Contact address: Ardara; An Anthony Doherty (aged 40, ‘considered the best in this parish’) was named as teacher on the original application form. ‘Killilooney N.S.’ opened in mid-1840 with 64 boys and 28 girls on the roll. The land-owner was the Marquis of Conyngham. The school opened with a Sligo man, Mr. McCoale, the teacher. A new school costing £207 was opened on the 11^th of September, 1861 with a new roll number, 8078. Its lease was for 31 years or three lives, namely Queen Victoria, Prince of Wales and Prince Albert. It expired on the death of King Edward in 1912. A grant for a work-mistress was sanctioned from 1863 to 1867.

Monitors:
Hugh Kennedy 1856-57; Francis Kennedy 1858-59; John McCoale 1860-64; Anne Manelis (workmistress) 1863-67; Catherine McCoale 1867-72; Brigid McCoale 1872-76;

Rev. Daniel O’Donnell 1840-45; Rev. Edward Glackin 1846-47; Rev. J.D. McGarvey 1847-66; Rev. C. O’Donnell 1867-

Connection 1856. Contact address: Glenties; The school-house is recorded in the Griffith Valuation, owner Thomas Conolly.

Monitors:
Patrick O’Donnell 1865-66; Ellen Waugh 1867-72; James McLoone 1872-76; Thomas McKnight 1876-

Connection 1867. Contact address: Glenties; School struck off 1873 and transferred to new building ‘Drimnacrosh’ 10672.

Monitors:
James McDyre 1867-71; Anne McCafferty 1869-73; Pat O’Donnell 1871; Daniel O’Donnell 1871-75;

Thomas Williamson 1844-46 (left for Leckonel); Andrew Carbon 1846 to unknown date; John Geary 1848-51 (came from Crove);

Rev. Daniel O’Donnell 1844-45; Rev. Edward Glackin 1846-47; Rev. J.D. McGarvey 1847-51

Connection 1843. Contact address: Ardara; The school was struck off in 1855 and a new one established in 1856: Leckonell 7485 (Note the changed spelling).

John McBrearty 1843; Roger O’Donnell 1843-46; Thomas Williamson, 1846 to unknown date; Joseph Bradden c.1849-61 (left for Brackey); John Brogan (came from Brackey) 1861-

Rev. Daniel O’Donnell 1844-45; Rev. Edward Glackin, 1846-47; Rev. J.D. McGarvey 1847-66; Rev. Charles O’Donnell 1867-

Connection 1844. Contact address: Ardara; School closed 1873 following resignation of Sarah O’Donnell on New Year’s Eve, 1872.

Isabella Bates 1844-54; Eliza Davis (later surname, Buchanan) 1854-57 & 1860-63; Margaret Davis 1857-59; Eliza Chism (formerly Eliza Young) 1859-60; Mary Holmes (later surname, Watt) 1863 & 1865-69; Margaret J. Davis (possibly same person as previous teacher) 1863-65; Eliza (?) Crummer (substitute) 1869; Sarah O’Donnell (from Garrowart) 1869-72;

Rev. Knox Barrett 1844-64; Rev. Marshal R. Clarke 1865-72; Rev. D. McKinney 1873

Francis J. Cartwright 1861-63; Thomas Wilson (from Ardara 8727) 1863-64; James Chism 1864-65; A. Lockhart 1865; William Ferguson 1866-67; William McAfee 1867-70; Hugh Lockhart 1870-72; John Joseph McAfee 1872-73; Hugh Lockhart 1873-

Rev. J. Hazelton 1861-62; Rev. James Scott McDade 1863-64; Rev. R. Morrison 1865-66; Rev. James B. Atkins 1867-72; Rev. James Nixon 1873-74; Rev. A. English 1875-

Connection 1841. Contact address: Glenties; The field on the Maas side of the Hanlon house with the road-signs for Glenties and Dungloe was always called the School House Park but this may be related to the nearby Methodist school-house. Maws N.S. was closed by the Manager in 1844.

John McBrearty 1850-52; Daniel Harvey 1852-54; Daniel Deery (substitute) 1855; Joseph Deery 1855-59; Connell Brogan 1860-

Rev. H.O’Donnell 1850-62; Rev. C. McNeely 1863-70; Rev. John Madden 1870; Rev. John McGroarty 1870-

Connection 1850. Contact address: Killybegs; Records from 1855-57 to be inserted at a later date. School struck off in 1858.

Thomas McGinley 1850-51; James Melly 1852-1854 to unknown date; John Campbell, unknown date to 1858;

James Roddy 1861-65; James Mulherrin (from Ardara Male 1733) 1865-76; John O’Gallagher 1876-

Patrick Quigly (died 1855, salary paid to wife Marjory) 1839-55; Patrick Mulloy (from Letterbrick, Stranorlar) 1855-

Monitors:
Daniel Gallagher 1862-66 & First Monitor in 1866-67; Patrick Kennedy 1866-71; Dominick O’Donnell Jun. Mon. 1871-73 & Sen. Mon. 1873-76; James Furey 1876-

Rev. Daniel Early 1839-51; Rev. Patrick Gallagher 1852-64; Rev. Daniel McGee 1865-

Neil Martin 1853-56; Hugh Melly 1856-57; George Boyle 1858; John Mulloy 1858-59; Francis McDavitt 1859-60; John O’Donnell 1860 (died 1860 and father paid salary due); Joseph Earley 1860-66 (died 1866); John McHugh 1867; John McDevitt 1867-69 (left for Edeninfagh); James Doudds 1869-70; Patrick Kennedy 1870-71; John Tighe 1871-72; Mary Kennedy (named as Mary Brennan from c.1875) 1873-

Connection 1844. Contact address: Ardara; Kilcar from c. 1849. Called Coquish from 1853.

Conel Brogan 1844; Robert O’Doherty 1845 to date unknown;; Patrick Gallagher 1857-62 (left for Drumgun, Killybegs); William Doherty 1863-64; Bridget McGinley 1864; Bridget McNelis 1865 (same as Bridget McGinley?); Francis Carr, c.1849- ; Cecelia McNelis (Brown) 1865-

Rev. Daniel O’Donnell 1844-45; Rev. Edward Glackin 1846-47; Rev. H. O’Donnell, c.1849-1866; Rev. P. Logue 1867-

Connection 1844. Contact address: Ardara; Kilcar from c.1849. It was struck off in 1858. Another Straleel was established later with the number 9273 and teacher, Hugh Morrison.

Robert Burns 1844-unknown date; Connell Brogan, must have been there on a prior occasion as he was ‘restored’ in 1848. He was still there when the school was struck off.

Rev. Daniel O’Donnell 1844-45; Rev. Edward Glackin 1846-47; Rev. H. O’Donnell c.1849-1858

Connection 1844. Contact address: Glenties; It was re-named as Kilrean Female from 1852. The school was struck off in 1857.

Sarah Welch (later surname, Duncan) 1844-50; Anne McNair 1851; Jane McNair (surname Lamont from 1855) 1852-55; Catherine McNair 1856-57;

Connection 1850. Contact address: Glenties. A photo of this school can be found in the Ardara magazine, ‘Dearcadh’ in the 1984 edition (available at Donegal County Library in Letterkenny).

Eliza Young 1851-54; Anne McCoal 1854-56; Catherine Young 1856-57; John R. Corscadden 1858-59; Marianne Hamilton 1859-60; Ellen Cunnea 1860-61 (left for Murray); John Gallagher 1861 (came from Ballysaggart) 1861-62; Catherine Young 1862-64; Mary J. McAfee 1865-66; George Cunningham 1866-

Rev. Knox Barrett 1850-64; Rev. M.R. Clarke 1865-72; Rev. D. McKinney 1873-74; Rev. Joseph Crawford 1875-